Among ethylene derivatives, EO is an important organic chemical raw material, only second to polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. In 2013, the global EO capacity was mainly distributed in Asia-Pacific, the Middle East and North America, wherein Asia-Pacific contributed 38% to the total capacity. As one of main EO producing areas, China’s total EO capacity had reached 5.428 million tons by the end of September 2014, accounting for about 18% of the global total.
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Due to the rapid growth of EO capacity, China EO industry is confronted with overcapacity in 2013-2014; meanwhile, the operating rate of the industry falls to below 80%, and the profit dives. In 2014-2020, China’s proposed and ongoing EO capacity will hit over 2 million tons, continuing the oversupply.
As of the end of September 2014, Chinese EO producers had mainly included Sinopec and PetroChina and their subsidiaries and joint ventures, occupying up to 67.9% of the EO capacity. In addition, private companies such as Ningbo Heyuan and Sanjiang Fine Chemicals also seize a certain market share.
In China, EO is mainly used for the production of glycol, which consumed 68.1% of EO in 2013. Commodity EO is often applied to the production of nonionic surfactant, polycarboxylate water reducer, ethanolamine, crystalline silicon cutting fluid, taurine and others. Particularly, the polycarboxylate water reducer market witnesses the fastest growth, sharing 8.4% of the EO demand in 2013.
1, Glycol
As of the end of September 2014, China’s total glycol capacity had amounted to 5.985 million tons, of which the coal-based glycol capacity accounted for 29.2%. Currently, China has apparent cost advantages in coal-based glycol; with the maturity of the production process, coal-based glycol will gradually replace oil-based glycol, thereby the demand of glycol for EO will shrink.
In 2014, China’s proposed and ongoing glycolcapacity hits about 6 million tons, of which the coal-based glycol capacity occupies 80% or so. The coal-based glycol projects to be put into operation in 2015 embrace Elion’s 300,000-ton project, Qianxi Coal Chemical’s 300,000-ton project, Kailuan Group’s 400,000-ton project and so on.
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2, Polycarboxylate Water Reducer
As the indirect downstream of EO, polycarboxylate water reducer is mainly used in the fields of railway, rail transit, nuclear power plants, ready-mixed concrete, etc., with the expected growth rate of around 15% in the coming years. In 2013, China’s polycarboxylate water reducer output attained 3.6 million tons; by market share, Jiangsu Sobute, Xiamen Academy of Building Research Group and Tianjin Feilong ranked among the top three companies.
Polyether monomer is a main raw material of polycarboxylate water reducer. Major polyether monomer companies include Liaoning Oxiranchem and Kelong Fine Chemical. China's largest polyether monomer manufacturer -- Liaoning Oxiranchem sold 178,100 tons of polyether monomer and enjoyed around 40% market share in 2013.
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